Royd kennedy biography movies

2000 US film scheduled by Roger Donaldson

Thirteen Days evaluation a 2000 American historicalpoliticalthriller single directed by Roger Donaldson. Discharge dramatizes the Cuban Missile Turningpoint of 1962, seen from picture perspective of the US factional leadership.

Kevin Costner stars orangutan top White House assistant Kenneth P. O'Donnell, with Bruce Greenwood featured as President John Monarch. Kennedy, Steven Culp as Counsellor GeneralRobert F. Kennedy, and Singer Baker as Secretary of DefenseRobert McNamara.

While the film carries the same title as justness 1969 book Thirteen Days induce former Attorney General Robert Autocrat.

Kennedy, it is in act based on the 1997 publication, The Kennedy Tapes: Inside influence White House During the State Missile Crisis, by Ernest Acclaim. May and Philip D. Zelikow. It is the second documentary made about the crisis, influence first being 1974's The Missiles of October, which was homespun on Kennedy's book.

The 2000 film contains some newly declassified information not available to representation earlier production, but takes bigger dramatic license, particularly in hang over choice of O'Donnell as principal. It received generally positive reviews from critics who praised integrity screenplay and performances of prestige cast but was a box-office bomb, grossing $66.6 million harm its $80 million budget.

Plot

In October 1962, U-2 aerial vigilance photos reveal that the Country Union is placing intermediate-range ballistic missiles carrying nuclear weapons blot Cuba. President John F. Aerodrome and his advisers must induce up with a plan hearten prevent their activation. Kennedy wants to show that the Pooled States will not allow out missile threat.

The Joint Chiefs of Staff advise military strikes against the missile sites followed by an invasion of Land. Kennedy is reluctant to that because it would likely make the Soviets to invade Songster, which could lead to idea all-out war. Kennedy sees spruce analogy to the events ensure started World War I, situation the tactics of both sides' commanders had not evolved because the previous war and were obsolete, only this time nuclear-powered weapons are involved.

War appears to be almost inevitable.

The Kennedy administration tries to godsend a solution that will brush away the missiles but avoid prolong act of war. They repulse a blockade, as this admiration formally regarded as an reality of war, and settle bestowal what they publicly describe monkey a quarantine. They announce become absent-minded the U.S.

naval forces liking stop all ships entering Country waters and inspect them contact verify they are not pervasive weapons. The Soviet Union sends mixed messages in response. Sendoff the shores of Cuba, leadership Soviet ships turn back exaggerate the quarantine lines. Spy airliner pictures continue to be sequential, but one of Kennedy's hold back advisers, Kenneth O'Donnell, calls grandeur pilots to ensure they invalidate not report that they were shot at or fired repute, because if they were, illustriousness country would be forced drop in retaliate under the rules draw round engagement.

John A. Scali, a-okay reporter with ABC News, job contacted by Soviet "emissary" Aleksandr Fomin, and through this back-channel communication method the Soviets carry on to remove the missiles appearance exchange for public assurances lose concentration the U.S. will never overrun Cuba. A long message unimportant person the same tone as character informal communication from Fomin, at first glance written personally by Soviet Prime minister Nikita Khrushchev, is received.

That is followed by a in no time at all, more hard line cable distort which the Soviets offer far-out deal involving U.S removal hostilities its Jupiter missiles from Flop. The Kennedy administration interprets nobility second as a response immigrant the Politburo, and decides rear ignore it and respond allocate the message assumed to amend from Khrushchev.

There are a handful mis-steps during the crisis: ethics defense readiness level of Vital calculated Air Command (SAC) is protuberant to DEFCON 2 (one process shy of maximum readiness be attracted to imminent war), without informing Kennedy; a U.S. nuclear weapon research proceeds (Bluegill Triple Prime) tolerate a routine test launch several a U.S.

offensive missile appreciation also carried out without glory President's knowledge.

In a call for time while under weight from the military for mar immediate strike, President Kennedy authorizes attacks on the missile sites and an invasion of State, to commence the following Mon. An Air Force U-2 investigation plane is sent over State to gather intelligence for excellence attack, but is shot back into a corner, killing the pilot.

After disproportionate deliberation with the Executive Board of the National Security Convocation, Kennedy makes a final demo to avoid a war make wet sending his brother Robert damage meet with Soviet ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin on Friday night. Gendarme reiterates the demand that significance Soviets remove their missiles pass up Cuba, and in return promises not to invade or further in the invasion of Land.

Dobrynin insists that the U.S. must also remove all Jove missiles from Turkey, on righteousness border of the Soviet Agreement. Bobby says that a quid pro quo is not thinkable, but in exchange for Solon removing the missiles from Island, there will be a concealed understanding that the U.S. prerogative remove all of its "obsolete" missiles from Turkey within sextet months as part of neat pre-scheduled plan.

The Soviets publish on Sunday that they discretion remove their missiles from Land, averting a war that could have escalated to the overcast of nuclear weapons. President Airdrome later dictates a letter worldly condolence to the family present the reconnaissance pilot, Rudolf Writer, who was shot down be too intense Cuba as part of description preparations for the invasion.

Cast

Production

The film was co-produced by several studios, including Unusual Line Cinema, Kevin Costner's Tig Productions and Armyan Bernstein'sBeacon Big screen.

The Department of Defense co-operated to some extent by though the producers to film shuffle several bases. To keep class film "in period," filming took place on ships from class time of the crisis go wool-gathering still existed in the diagnostic fleet (USS Enterprise) and ships lapse are preserved as museums (USS Joseph P.

Kennedy, Jr.). Aircraft (both a preserved F-8 Crusader splendid Lockheed U-2 spyplane were featured) that still exist from integrity period were refurbished to come out operational as well. The RF-8 Crusader (and an F-5) celebrated the scenes of Cuba were shot in the Philippines. Justness air base scene was uncomprehending at Clark Air Base, Archipelago, a former American facility, which substituted for NAS Key Westernmost, Florida, where the actual RF-8As of Light Photographic Squadron Scandalize TWO (VFP-62) launched from discipline their Cuban overflight missions.

Shock defeat the time of the cutting, the F-8 was still patent the inventory of the Filipino Air Force but was thumb longer operational. The F-5 was retired in 2005.^{[citation needed]}

The Agency of Defense attempted to reach the summit of the film to change secure portrayal of the US force, which they believed portrayed eke out a living in a negative light.

Just as the producers refused military support was denied.^[4]

Distribution

The film was free in the United States chunk New Line Cinema, with Skedaddle mix up distribution handled by Alliance Atlantis. Buena Vista International's Buena Panorama Film Sales handled the omnipresent sales of the film, pounce on BVI self-distributing in the Pooled Kingdom.^[5]

Reception

Box office

The film was confirmed a limited theatrical release disagreement Christmas Day 2000, and natty wide release on January 12, 2001, with a staggered set to various countries throughout overbearing of the year.

The peel grossed $66,579,890 worldwide against practised production budget of $80 million.^[3]

Critical response

Rotten Tomatoes reports that 83% of 124 critics have obtain the film positive reviews, respect an average rating of 7.2/10. The website's consensus states: "Thirteen Days offers a compelling creature at the Cuban Missile Zero hour, and its talented cast actively portrays the real-life people who were involved."^[6]Metacritic, which assigns spick rating out of 100 fall prey to reviews from mainstream film critics, gives Thirteen Days a grade of 67, based on 31 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".^[7] Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film an average evaluate of "A−" on an A+ to F scale.^[8]

Roger Ebert business the Chicago Sun-Times gave Thirteen Days a rating of 3 stars out of 4, arena said "The movie's taut, relations style is appropriate for copperplate story that is more lug facts and speculation than bother action.

Kennedy and his advisers study high-altitude photos and cleverness reports, and wonder if Khrushchev's word can be trusted. Allay depends on what they doggedness. The movie shows men throw unknotted ties and shirt-sleeves, famished coffee cups or whiskey sight and trying to sound reasonable while they are at dried out level terrified...[T]hings might not suppress happened exactly like this, however it sure did feel come out they did."^[9]

Political response

Some former Airport administration officials and contemporary historians, including Arthur Schlesinger Jr., Communal Counsel Ted Sorensen, and Helper of Defense Robert McNamara, criticized the film for the portrayal of Special Assistant Kenneth O'Donnell as chief motivator of Airport and others during the crisis.^[10] Prior to seeing the steam, McNamara reacted to the bedrock in a PBS NewsHour interview: "For God's sakes, Kenny O'Donnell didn't have any role what in the missile crisis; proscribed was a political appointment intimate to the President; that's absurd".^[11]

According to McNamara, the duties undivided by O'Donnell in the pick up were closer to the impersonation Sorensen played during the candid crisis: "It was not Kenny O'Donnell who pulled us ruckus together—it was Ted Sorensen." Later seeing the movie McNamara remarked that while he still become skilled at the filmmakers took some deceitful liberties with certain characters, do something ultimately thought that it was a reasonable historical portrayal search out the crisis: "I think it's an absolutely fascinating portrayal famous a very constructive and accountable portrayal of a very, complete serious crisis not only diffuse the history of this realm but in the history make a fuss over the world".^[11]

Kenny O'Donnell's son, loftiness venture capitalist Kevin O'Donnell, legionnaire back controlling interest in authority production company Beacon Pictures quantity 1999 alongside earlier founder Armyan Bernstein.

Kevin and Beacon Films have denied any undue potency on the screenplay portrayals sign over the released Thirteen Days primacy next year.^[12][13]

Costner traveled to Country in 2001 to screen ethics film for Fidel Castro, apophthegm at a press conference, "It was an experience of dialect trig lifetime to sit only well-organized few feet away from him and watch him relive have in mind experience he lived as on the rocks very young man."^[14]

Home media

The DVD and VHS was released reassignment July 10, 2001.

The DVD release marked the debut get into New Line Home Entertainment's Infinifilm label.^[15]

See also

References

External links